Nutrition and diet
July 2006
Having a healthy balanced diet is important for everyone. It makes eating enjoyable and helps to maintain health and fitness later in life.[see reference 1]
It is usual for energy requirements to fall with advancing age because people become less active; however, it is important that older people continue to enjoy their food and remain active in order to keep a healthy appetite, prevent obesity and maintain mobility. There are many possible reasons why people eat less as they get older. For example, some elderly people have difficulty chewing and swallowing, some experience difficulties in shopping, preparing and cooking food. Others may limit what they buy due to financial constraints.[see reference 2]
As the appetite diminishes, it can become harder to meet nutritional requirements. This can cause weight loss, which can then lead to tiredness, depression, and a lack of energy, making people more susceptible to infections and viruses such as flu and colds.[see reference 3] Being overweight can be equally problematic for the elderly as it can increase the risk of diabetes, joint disorders, and breathing difficulties.[see reference 4]
There are a number of services available to older people that can help them meet their daily nutritional requirements. The majority of local authorities provide services such as ‘Meals on Wheels’ and Lunch Clubs. Organisations such as the Women’s Royal Voluntary Service (WRVS) provide a professionally managed service to local authorities delivering meals to housebound and older people who are unable to cook for themselves.[see reference 5] In addition, residential care homes are responsible for ensuring that the nutritional requirements of their residents are met. The Royal Institute of Public Health has produced guidance for staff working in care homes to help achieve this.[see reference 1]
References:
[1] Thomas, S & Mengham, H (eds) (2002) Eating for Health in Care Homes – A practical nutrition handbook. London: The Royal Institute of Public Health.
[2] British Nutrition Foundation - Nutrition through life: Older adults
[3] Help the Aged - Health eating
[4] BBC Health - nutrition
[5] Women’s Royal Voluntary Service
Further information:
- Age Concern
- BBC Health – Nutrition
- British Nutrition Foundation
- Food Standards Agency
- National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
- Help the Aged
- Local Government Association - Health and social care
- The British Dietetic Association
- The Caroline Walker Trust
- The Royal Institute of Public Health
- Women’s Royal Voluntary Service